1788 A Frontier Fort at the Mouth of the Elk
Charleston began as Fort Lee, a frontier outpost built in 1788 by Colonel George Clendenin where the Elk River meets the Kanawha. The town was formally established by the Virginia General Assembly in 1794 and named for Clendenin's father, Charles. Frontiersman Daniel Boone lived in the Kanawha Valley during those early years and represented Kanawha County in the Virginia legislature.
1800s Salt, Coal, and the Rise of a River Town
In the early 1800s the Kanawha Salines just east of town made the valley one of the largest salt producers in the young nation, drawing workers and river trade. Coal and natural gas followed, and the river, and later the railroads, turned Charleston into the commercial heart of the region.
1885 The Permanent State Capital
After West Virginia became a state in 1863, the capital moved back and forth between Wheeling and Charleston before settling here for good in 1885. The current State Capitol, designed by Cass Gilbert and completed in 1932, is crowned by a gold-leafed dome that rises 292 feet, about five feet taller than the dome of the U.S. Capitol in Washington.
Today West Virginia's Largest City
With roughly 48,000 residents, Charleston is the largest city in West Virginia and the seat of Kanawha County. It is the center of state government, health care, and law for the region, and home to landmarks like the Clay Center for the Arts and Sciences, Capitol Market, Haddad Riverfront Park, and the long-running Mountain Stage radio show.